Which of the following tools is best for cleaning and preparing bone surfaces?

The bone rasp is specifically designed for cleaning and preparing bone surfaces, making it the correct choice. This instrument features a roughened surface that helps in removing debris, smoothing rough edges, and shaping the bone as needed. It is particularly useful in orthopedic procedures where precise bone preparation is required for optimal healing and integration with implants or other structures.

In contrast, the army navy retractor is primarily a tool used to hold back tissues and gain better access to the surgical site, rather than specifically preparing bones. The meniscal probe is designed for probing soft tissue structures, such as the meniscus in joints, and is not suitable for cleaning bone surfaces. The disarticulator, while important in the process of separating joints, is not intended for cleaning or preparing the bone but rather for disarticulation. Thus, the bone rasp stands out as the specialized tool for preparing bone surfaces effectively.